Read the Passage and Answer the Questions

Students should read the passage carefully and answer the questions. Read the passage several times if necessary. Try to tướng answer in one or two sentences for short answers.

Be careful about what exactly the questions asked. Read the passage and answer the questions in your own words as far as possible.

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Read the Passage and Answer the Questions #1

I met a traveller from an antique land
Who said:—Two vast and trunkless legs of stone
Stand in the desert. Near them on the sand,
Half sunk, a shatter’d visage lies, whose frown
And wrinkled lip and sneer of cold command
Tell that its sculptor well those passions read
Which yet survive, stamp’d on these lifeless things,
The hand that mock’d them and the heart that fed.
And on the pedestal these words appear:
“My name is Ozymandias, king of kings:
Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair!”
Nothing beside remains: round the decay
Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare,
The lone and level sands stretch far away.

Questions and Answers

What does the traveller from an antique land describe in the first stanza?

Answer: The traveller describes “two vast and trunkless legs of stone” standing in the desert, near which lies a shattered visage half-sunk in the sand.

What bởi the features of the shattered visage suggest about the sculpture’s subject?

Answer: The frown, wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command suggest that the subject of the sculpture was a powerful, proud ruler.

What bởi the words on the pedestal of the sculpture say?

Answer: The words on the pedestal read, “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair!”

What is the speaker’s tone towards the subject of the poem?

Answer: The speaker’s tone is one of irony and scepticism, as the once-mighty ruler’s grandiose claims have been reduced to tướng a mere relic in the desert.

What is the significance of the final image of “the lone and level sands stretch[ing] far away”?

Answer: The final image underscores the fleeting nature of power and the inevitability of decay and oblivion, as even the grandest monuments eventually crumble and fade into the endless expanse of time.

Read the Passage and Answer the Questions #2

In these trying times, when buying ordinary foodstuff can burn a hole in our pockets, comes the news that can actually help us save some hard cash when we go out to tướng cửa hàng the next time. According to tướng a Stanford University study, a first of its kind in the world, there is no evidence to tướng suggest that there are more nutritional benefits from expensive organic food than vãn those grown by conventional methods.

The researchers add that there is no difference in protein and fat nội dung between organic and conventional milk and the Vi-Ta-Min count is similar in both types. The only benefit is that organic foods are not contaminated with pesticides, but then, before you chew on that plate of organic okra with roti made from organic wheat, they are not 100% pesticide-free either.

In India, organic food has been growing at 20–22% and the export market is valued at `1,000 crores. Obviously, the study is not good news for that sector and for people who are big on organic food.

In India, eating organic food is more of a style statement than vãn due to tướng health worries because the stuff is expensive. But people can, bởi indulge in not only organic vegetables but even organic eggs laid by ‘happy hens’, who are allowed to tướng roam around freely, whereas ‘unhappy hens’ are kept in coops.

Then some companies have installed music channels in their cowsheds and the milk from those sheds is sold at a marked-up price since it has more nutritional value because the animals are happy thanks to tướng lilting 24 × 7 music. We don‘t know yet of any farmer using music to tướng improve his crop quality, but then you never know: plants are known to tướng respond to tướng music.

Why such pickiness about food? These days, the huge number of TV shows and articles that we see and read on food provide bread and butter for specialists. But instead of decoding food, its sources, and what has gone into growing it, isn‘t it much better to tướng enjoy what‘s on the plate?

Questions

(a)According to tướng a Stanford University study, organic food in relation to tướng conventional food is___________________.
i. less nutritious
ii. more nutritious
iii. very conventional
iv. as nutritious

(b) The study will not be welcomed by ______________.
i. farmers of conventional food
ii. makers of pesticides
iii. all sectors
iv. exporters of organic food

(c) We can save some hard cash by _____.
i. buying organic food
ii. not buying organic food
iii. going to tướng the shop
iv. not buying food with pesticides

(d) Music channels are installed in the cowsheds because the _________.
i. cows give more milk
ii. milk is sold at a higher price
iii. milk becomes purer
iv. workers become happy

(e) In the second paragraph, the author‘s attitude to tướng the people who eat food sourced from ‘happy’ animals is that he _____________.
i. is happy with them
ii. is unhappy with them
iii. is laughing at them
iv. wants crops to tướng be grown similarly

(f) One benefit of organic food is that _______________.
i. it is fashionable to tướng eat
ii. only rich people can afford it
iii. it is less contaminated with pesticides
iv. even poor people can afford it

Copyright Notice:📚 Teachers and students are granted permission to tướng use, reproduce, and distribute this nội dung solely for educational and non-commercial purposes. 🚫 Unauthorized copying, distribution, or reproduction for commercial purposes is strictly prohibited. Any infringement may result in legal action.

(g) The word ‘contaminated‘ means ______________.
i. adulterated
ii. for adults
iii. containing
iv. not healthy

Answers

a) as nutritious
b) exporters of organic food
c) not buying organic food
d) milk becomes purer
e) is laughing at them
f) it is less contaminated with pesticides
g) containing

Read the Passage and Answer the Questions #3

Kausani is situated at a height of 6,075 feet in the Central Himalayas. It is an unusually attractive little town. It covers just about 5.2 sq. km. It lies to tướng the north of Almora in Uttarakhand‘s picturesque Kumaon region.

Kausani provides a 300-km wide breathtaking view of the Himalayas. It is the most striking aspect of this place. Snow-capped peaks are spread in a stately row. They stare at you in silvery-white majesty. The most famous peak on view is Nanda Devi, the second-highest mountain in India. It is situated at a height of 25,645 feet and 36 miles away as the crow flies.

The other famous peaks on view are Choukhamba (23,420 feet) and Trishul (23,360 feet). Then there are also Nilkhamba, Nandaghunti, Nandaghat, and Nanda Kot. On a clear day, the xanh rớt of the sky makes a splendid background to tướng these peaks.

At sunrise and at sunset, when the colour changes to tướng a golden orange, the scene gets etched in your memory. When Gandhiji visited this place in 1929, its scenic beauty held him spellbound. He named it the ‘Switzerland of India’. He prolonged his two-day stay to tướng fourteen days, making time to tướng write a book, ‘Anashakti Yoga’. The place where he was staying was originally a guest house of the tea estate. It was renamed ―Anashakti Ashram‘ after the book.

Kausani is the birthplace of Sumitranandan Pant, India‘s poet laureate. Its natural surrounding inspired many of his poems. Its tea gardens mingle with dense pine forests and fruit orchards. The area is also host to tướng many fairs and religious ceremonies. If Uttaranchal is the abode of gods, Kausani is God‘s own backyard. There is no traffic, no one is in a hurry. If serenity could be put on a canvas, the picture would resemble Kausani.

Questions

Q1) Why, bởi you think, is Kausani known as ‘God’s own backyard’?
Q2) How did Kausani influence Sumitranandan Pant?
Q3) How can we say that Gandhiji was greatly charmed by the natural beauty of Kausani?
Q4) What is the most striking aspect of Kausani?
Q5) Find words from the passage which mean
a. splendid
b. acclaimed

Answers

A1) Kausani is known for its majestic beauty and serenity. The cool climate and the natural beauty of the surrounding give the place a divine feel; therefore, it is known as ‘God’s own backyard’.

A2) The natural surroundings of Kausani inspired Sumitranandan Pant to tướng write poems.

A3) It is said that the beauty of the place left Gandhiji spellbound and it inspired him to tướng name it the ‘Switzerland of India’. He also extended his stay from two days to tướng fourteen days. Therefore, we can conclude that Gandhiji was greatly charmed by the natural beauty of Kausani.

A4) The 300-km wide breathtaking view of the Himalayas provided by Kausani is its most striking aspect.

A5)
a. breathtaking
b. laureate

Read the Passage and Answer the Questions #4

The first two years of life are a critical ‘window of opportunity.’ In this period, it is possible to tướng prevent the largely irreversible damage which follows early childhood undernutrition. There are 805 million undernourished people in the world today. That means one in nine people does not get enough food to tướng be healthy and lead an active life.

Hunger and malnutrition are in fact the number one risk to tướng health worldwide—greater than vãn AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis combined. Three-quarters of all hungry people live in rural areas, mainly in the villages of Asia and Africa. An estimated 146 million children in developing countries are underweight—the result of acute or chronic hunger. Poverty trap, lack of investment in agriculture, natural calamities, war and displacement, unstable markets, and food wastage are the major causes of the presence of hunger in the world. Hunger leads to tướng malnutrition, which in turn causes diseases. Malnutrition is the largest single, According to tướng the UN’s Standing Committee on Nutrition (SCN), a contributor to tướng disease in the world.

Malnutrition at an early age leads to tướng reduced physical and mental development during childhood. According to tướng the World Bank, India is one of the highest-ranking countries in the world for the number of children suffering from malnutrition. One of the major causes of malnutrition in India is gender inequality. Because of the low social status of Indian women, their diet often lacks in both quality and quantity. Women who suffer from malnutrition are less likely to tướng have healthy babies. In India, mothers generally lack proper knowledge of feeding children. Consequently, newborn infants are unable to tướng get an adequate amount of nutrition from their mothers.

Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, and Bihar have very high rates of undernutrition. Studies show that individuals belonging to tướng Hindu, Jain, or Muslim backgrounds in India tend to tướng be more malnourished than vãn those from Sikh or Christian backgrounds. The Akshaya Patra Foundation runs the world’s largest NGO-run midday meal program serving freshly cooked meals to tướng over 1.3 million schoolchildren in government and government-aided schools in India. However, the challenge for all these programs and schemes is how to tướng increase efficiency, impact, and coverage.

Questions

Q1) What are the causes of the presence of hunger in the world?
Q2) How does gender inequality lead to tướng malnutrition in India?
Q3) What role does the Akshay Patra foundation play?
Q4) Where are the majority of the hungry people inhabited?
Q5) Which religious communities in India tend to tướng be less malnourished?

Answers

A1) Poverty trap, lack of investment in agriculture, natural calamities, war and displacement, unstable markets, and food wastage are the major causes of the presence of hunger in the world.

A2) Women in India have low status because their diet often lacks quality and quantity. This causes them to tướng suffer malnutrition.

A3) The Akshaya Patra Foundation runs the world’s largest NGO-run midday meal program serving freshly cooked meals to tướng over 1.3 million schoolchildren in government and government-aided schools in India.

A4) Three-quarters of all hungry people live in rural areas, mainly in the villages of Asia and Africa.

A5) According to tướng studies, individuals belonging to tướng the Sikh or Christian communities are less malnourished than vãn those from Hindu, Jain, or Muslim backgrounds.

Read the Passage and Answer the Questions #5

My teenybopper has a phone;
She really never is alone.
It beeps and jitters day and night,
Emitting tiny bluish light.

Her ringtone is the latest rage,
As other preteens text and page.
One-liner messages appear
That makes her grin from ear to tướng ear.

The latest crisis, who likes whom,
The rock star with the best perfume;
Such weighty matters cause her thrill
And elevate our monthly bill.

And yet, the silver lining glows,
For we have never come to tướng blows.
I never have to tướng raise my voice,
Because I have a high-tech choice.

If school assignments pile sky-high,
I exhale with a weighty sigh.
Like every modern mom who cares,
I simply telephone upstairs.

When chores demand her energies,
I simply text her, asking ―Please!
No alibis or missing words,
Because it‘s clear that she has heard.

And if my daughter goes outside
To visit friends, both far and wide,
Her curfew‘s easy to tướng enforce
With her new cellular resource.

This beeping tether holds her close,
While helping her feel grandiose.
If separation e‘er occurs,
My tốc độ dial links my heart to tướng hers.

Our handy cell phones help us out.
Convenient, easy, with no doubt.
Yes, certainly, they have their place.
But can‘t we talk once, face to tướng face?

Questions

Q1) Why is the speaker‘s daughter never alone?
Q2) How does the speaker make sure that the assignments are completed?
Q3) Why can‘t the daughter make any excuse when she is asked for help by her mother?
Q4) How bởi you think cell phones have affected face-to-face communication?
Q5) Identify the figure of speech If school assignments pile sky-high.

Answers

A1) The speaker‘s daughter is never alone because she always has a phone with her which keeps beeping, vibrating, and emitting light all the time.

A2) The speaker is the mother of the ‘teenybopper’ and uses the cell phone to tướng her advantage. Whenever her daughter‘s schoolwork is pending, the speaker doesn‘t hesitate to tướng Hotline her even if they are in the same house and ask her to tướng complete the tasks.

A3) The mother smartly texts the daughter about the help needed on her cell phone. In this way, the daughter cannot make an excuse that she didn‘t hear her mother because everything is clearly written in the message.

A4) Cell phones are no doubt convenient and easy, but they bởi not show you the actual feelings of a person talking or texting. Thus, when we use cell phones to tướng communicate, we might not be aware of the person‘s actual state of mind, which might make communication ineffective.

A5) Hyperbole

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Read the Passage and Answer the Questions #6

It is important that you recognize the signs of stress in your behaviour, and be healthy enough to tướng enjoy your success. Stress can strike anytime, in a fashion that may leave you unaware of its presence in your life. While a certain amount of pressure is necessary for performance, it is important to tướng be able to tướng recognize your individual threshold. For instance, some individuals accept competition healthily. Others collapse into weeping wrecks before an exam or compare mark sheets and find that their mates have scored better.

Whenever there is a change in the external environment such as temperature, pollutants, humidity, and working conditions, it leads to tướng stress. In these days of competition, when a person makes up his mind to tướng surpass what others have achieved, leading to tướng an imbalance between demands and resources causes psycho-social stress. It is a part and parcel of everyday life.

Stress has a different meaning depending on the stage of life you’re in. The loss of a toy or a reprimand from the parents might create a stress shock in a child. An adolescent who fails an examination may feel as if everything has been lost and life has no further meaning. In an adult, the loss of a companion, job, or professional failure may appear as if there is nothing more to tướng be achieved.

Stress can be seen in the attitude and behaviour of the individual, such as muscle tension in various parts of the toàn thân, palpitation and high blood pressure, indigestion and hyperacidity, and ultimately in self-destructive behaviour such as eating and drinking too much, smoking excessively, relying on tranquillizers, trembling, shaking, nervous blinking, dryness of throat and mouth and difficulty in swallowing. The professional under stress behaves as if he is a perfectionist followed by depression, lethargy, and weakness for further work. Periodic mood shifts also indicate the stress status of students, executives, and professionals.

Questions

Q1) How bởi individuals handle the competition?
Q2) How does the external environment cause stress?
Q3) Does the age of a person have any impact on stress levels?
Q4) Find words from the passage which mean:
a. contaminant
b. sedative

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Answers

A1) Different people khuyến mãi with competition differently. Some people healthily accept competition. However, others collapse under the pressure of competition.

A2) A change in the external environment such as temperature, pollutants, humidity, and working conditions leads to tướng stress.

A3) An individual experiences stress for different reasons according to tướng his age. The loss of a toy or a reprimand from parents might create a stress shock in a child. An adolescent who fails an examination may feel as if everything has been lost and life has no further meaning. In an adult, the loss of a companion, job, or professional failure may appear as if there is nothing more to tướng be achieved.

A4)
a. pollutant
b. tranquillizers

Read the Passage and Answer the Questions #7

Both alligators and crocodiles are members of the reptilian order Crocodylia. But the families they belong to tướng, Alligatoridae and Crocodylidae respectively, differ. Often, when people use the word “crocodile” what they really mean is “crocodilian.” This term encompasses not just the common alligators and crocodiles you might already know, but also the lesser-known Gavialidae family that contains the lone gavial, or gharial. All told, there are 23 species of crocodilians.

As a group, crocodilians are pretty impressive animals: Their lineage goes back 240 million years, meaning they’ve outlived the dinosaurs by a good 65 million years. Ideally suited for life in water and on land, members of the order can swim up to tướng đôi mươi mph (32 kph) and lập cập up to tướng 11 mph (17.6 kph). They’re most at home page in the water and can hold their breath for up to tướng an hour. Eyes situated atop their heads enable them to tướng keep a lookout for prey, while their powerful tails swiftly propel them through the water.

Crocodiles and alligators are top-notch hunters and will eat just about anything they can get their teeth on, from fish and turtles to tướng monkeys and buffalo. With teeth specialized just for spearing, neither family even bothers to tướng chew its food — they swallow large chunks or the entire animal whole.

As if that weren’t scary enough, crocodilians have incredibly powerful senses to tướng detect their prey. Their eyesight above water is top-notch, and thanks to tướng vertical pupils that can open up extra wide to tướng let in additional light, they also have keen night vision. And even though you can’t see their ears, don’t be fooled — these small slits are sensitive enough to tướng hear offspring calling from inside their eggs Even their sense of smell is highly developed due to tướng special organs in their snouts.

Questions

Q1) Complete the following sentences.
a. Alligatoridae, Crocodylia, and Gavialidae are subgroups of the main group………………………….
b. The …………………….died 65 million years ago.

Q2) Describe the eating habits of crocodiles.

Q3) How sharp are the tears of crocodiles?

Q 4) Find words in the passage that mean
a. To drive or push something forward
b. The science of classification
c. Descent from the ancestors
d. Outstanding

Answers

A1)
a. Alligatoridae, Crocodylia, and Gavialidae are subgroups of the main group Crocodylidae.
b. The dinosaurs died 65 million years ago.

A2) Crocodiles are great hunters and can prey on just about anything they can get their teeth on. Whether it is fish or turtles, monkeys or buffaloes, crocodiles swallow large chunks or the entire animal whole since they have teeth specialized just for spearing.

A. 3) One may not be able to tướng see their ears, but crocodile ears are sensitive enough to tướng hear offspring calling from inside their eggs.
A 4)
a. Propel
b. Taxonomy
c. Lineage
d. Top-notch
e. Offspring

Read the Passage and Answer the Questions #8

“Mum!” I shouted. “Are you okay?” I saw her little tent shuddering in the gale and listened closely for her response. Her voice was almost casual, ―Oh, yes, I‘m fine” That‘s my mother. It was the first night of our cycling trip through the interior of Iceland—a region sánh remote and inhospitable that for centuries, according to tướng legend, it was abandoned.

The weather was decidedly hurricane-like, but Mum wasn‘t concerned. Months ago, I told her about my plan to tướng pedal across Iceland. “It will be really difficult,” I said. “The roads are unpaved and often washed out, and the wind is blowing constantly—sometimes sánh hard that it pushes you off the road.” There was silence for a moment. Then she asked, “Can I come?” “Sure,” I replied. “But lượt thích the rest of us, you have to tướng train to tướng bởi two 160 kilometres a day back-to-back” “Wow,”
she said, “I could never bởi that,” I had more faith in my mother‘s physical abilities than vãn she did.

I‘d seen her raise six children and put in long hours doing physical labour on our small farm.

“Sure you can,” I told her, “Start tomorrow.” What really concerned u was what I perceived to tướng be her frustrating humility: I thought her too self-deprecating about her attractiveness just because she had not completed college. I felt she underestimated her attractiveness just because she was not the type to tướng wear make-up or fancy clothes. As I had grown into adulthood, the life I‘d chosen seemed light years away from Mum‘s quiet existence, still caring for her children and her children‘s children.

Sometimes, on a visit home page, I‘d describe some recent trip I‘d taken, and her xanh rớt eyes would shine with interest. So, I couldn‘t help thinking this trek might revitalize Mum, who had started to tướng slow down in her 50s. It might spice up what I
saw as her humdrum life. And it might be a boost to tướng her tentative and retiring persona. Mum trained furiously, months in advance. As the trip roster was pared down to tướng Mum, my good friend Allen and u, she stood as the most dedicated. Soon she was riding 80–100 kilometres per day and was as strong a rider as Allen or I.

Questions

Q1) Based on your reading of the passage, complete the following sentences.
a. The narrator describes the roads across Iceland as ……………………………….
b. The narrator had faith in his mother‘s physical abilities as ………………………………………
c. The training to tướng take the adventure trip on cycle included …………………………
d. In his adulthood, the narrator realized that his life was …………………………
e. Descriptions of his trips always ………………………
f. The narrator was sure that the trip would ………………………….
g. The narrator and his friend were sure about Mum‘s preparation when ………………………..

Q2) Find words from the passage that mean the same as the following.
a. noticed/become aware of
b. to tướng give new life
c. hesitant/not certain

Answers

A1)
a. The roads in Iceland were unpaved and washed out according to tướng the author.
b. The narrator had seen her bring up six children and carry out physical labour on the farm he grew up in.
c. The training included back-to-back cycling for 160 kilometres every day.
d. The narrator‘s life was different from his mother‘s quiet existence.
e. Around the interest of the narrator’s mother.
f. Revitalise the narrator’s mother’s life which according to tướng him was quiet and different from his. It would
spice up her life and deliver her from her humdrum existence.
g. When she started riding 80–100 kilometres a day and proved to tướng be as good as the narrator and his friend.

A2)
a. Perceived
b. Revitalize
c. Retiring

Read the Passage and Answer the Questions #9

About a hundred years ago, whenever an operation was performed, the patient would cry out in agony because he felt the surgeon cut his flesh. But now serious operations are performed without pain, and thousands of lives are saved. James Simpson was the first to tướng discover and use the pain-killing power of chloroform. James was born into a poor family. So in his childhood, he not only helped his father on holidays but also helped the village doctor.

But he was horrified by the dire suffering of the people who came to tướng the hospital for treatment. He now made it his life’s mission to tướng find new inventions that would prevent sánh much pain. Simpson did many experiments and finally discovered chloroform. Now the patient is not afraid of the operation.

Questions and Answers

(a) Who discovered the pain-killing power of chloroform?

James Simpson.

(b) What was James Simpson’s childhood like?

He was born into a poor family and helped his father and the village doctor.

He was horrified by the suffering of people who came to tướng the hospital for treatment.

(d) What did James Simpson finally discover?

Chloroform.

(e) How did the discovery of chloroform impact surgery?

Serious operations could be performed without pain, saving thousands of lives.

Read the Passage and Answer the Questions #10

After dinner, my friends in the neighbouring rooms in the hostel dropped in as usual for light talk. They were my colleagues. One was Rangappa who taught the boys philosophy, and the other was Gopal in the mathematics section. Gopal was sharp as a knife edge where mathematical matters were concerned, but poor fellow, he was very dumb and stupid in other matters. As a matter of fact, he paid little attention to tướng anything else. We liked him because he was a genius, and in a vague manner, we understood that he was doing brilliant things in mathematics. Some day he hoped to tướng contribute a paper on his subject which was going to tướng revolutionize human thought and conceptions.

But God knew what it was all about. All that I cared for in him was that he was an agreeable friend, who never contradicted and who patiently listened for hours, though without showing any sign of understanding.

Tonight the talk was all about English spelling, and the conference we had with Brown. I was incensed as usual, much to tướng the amazement of Rangappa. “But my dear fellow, what bởi you think they pay you for unless it is for dotting the i’s and crossing the t’s?” Gopal, who had been listening without putting in a word of his own, suddenly became active.

“I don’t follow you,” he said.
“I said the English department existed solely for dotting the i’s and crossing the t’s.”
“Oh!” he said, opening wide his eyes. “I never thought sánh. Why should you bởi it?” His precise literal brain refused to tướng move where it had no concrete facts or figures to tướng grip. Symbols, if they entered his brain at all, entered only as mathematical symbols.

Rangappa answered: “Look here, Gopal. You have come across the expression ‘Raining cats and dogs’?”
“Yes.”
“Have you actually seen cats and dogs falling down from the sky?”
“No, no. Why?”

Rangappa would have worried him a little longer, but the college clock struck ten and I said:
“Friends, I must bid you good night.”
“Good night,” Gopal repeated mechanically and rose to tướng go. [Source: R.K. Narayan’s The English Teacher]